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ISLAMABAD || 9th Nov 2011 || Dawn News: Text books in Pakistani schools foster prejudice and intolerance of Hindus and other religious minorities, while most teachers view non-Muslims as ”enemies of Islam,” according to a study by a US government commission released on Wednesday.
The findings indicate how deeply ingrained hard-line Islam is in Pakistan and help explain why militancy is often supported, tolerated or excused in the country.
”Teaching discrimination increases the likelihood that violent religious extremism in Pakistan will continue to grow, weakening religious freedom, national and regional stability, and global security,” said Leonard Leo, the chairman of the US Commission on International Religious Freedom.
Pakistan was created in 1947 as a homeland for the Muslims of South Asia and was initially envisaged as a moderate state where minorities would have full rights.
But three wars with mostly Hindu India; support for militants fighting Soviet-rule in Afghanistan in the 1980s; and the appeasement of hard-line clerics by weak governments seeking legitimacy have led to a steady radicalisation of society.
Religious minorities and those brave enough to speak out against intolerance have often been killed, seemingly with impunity, by militant sympathizers.
The commission warned that any significant efforts to combat religious discrimination, especially in education, would ”likely face strong opposition” from hardliners.
The study reviewed more than 100 textbooks from grades 1-10 from Pakistan’s four provinces.
Researchers in February this year visited 37 public schools, interviewing 277 students and teachers, and 19 madrases, where they interviewed 226 students and teachers.
The Islamisation of textbooks began under the US-backed rule of army dictator Gen. Zia-ul-Haq, who courted Islamists to support his rule.
In 2006, the government announced plans to reform the curriculum to address the problematic content, but that has not been done, the study said.
Pakistan’s Islamist and right-wing polity would likely oppose any efforts to change the curriculum, and the government has shown no desire to challenge them on the issue.
The report found systematic negative portrayals of minorities, especially Hindus and to a lesser extent to Christians.
Hindus make up more than one per cent of Pakistan’s 180 million people, while Christians represent around two per cent. Some estimates put the numbers higher.
There are also even smaller populations of Sikhs and Buddhists.
”Religious minorities are often portrayed as inferior or second-class citizens who have been granted limited rights and privileges by generous Pakistani Muslims, for which they should be grateful,” the report said.
”Hindus are repeatedly described as extremists and eternal enemies of Islam whose culture and society is based on injustice and cruelty, while Islam delivers a message of peace and brotherhood, concepts portrayed as alien to the Hindu.”
The books don’t contain many specific references to Christians, but those that ”that do exist seem generally negative, painting an incomplete picture of the largest religious minority in Pakistan,” the report said.
Attempts to reach Pakistan’s education minister were not successful.
The textbooks make very little reference to the role played by Hindus, Sikhs and Christians in the cultural, military and civic life of Pakistan, meaning ”a young minority student will thus not find many examples of educated religious minorities in their own textbooks,” the report said.
”In most cases historic revisionism seems designed to exonerate or glorify Islamic civilisation, or to denigrate the civilisations of religious minorities,” the report said.
”Basic changes to the texts would be needed to present a history free of false or unsubstantiated claims which convey religious bias.”
The researchers also found that the books foster a sense that Pakistan’s Islamic identity is under constant threat.
”The anti-Islamic forces are always trying to finish the Islamic domination of the world,” read one passage from social studies text being taught to Grade 4 students in Punjab province, the country’s most populated.
”This can cause danger for the very existence of Islam. Today, the defense of Pakistan and Islam is very much in need.”
The report states that Islamic teachings and references were commonplace in compulsory text books, not just religious ones, meaning Pakistan’s Christians, Hindus and other minorities were being taught Islamic content.
It said this appeared to violate Pakistan’s constitution, which states that students should not have to receive instruction in a religion other than their own.
The attitudes of the teachers no doubt reflect the general intolerance in Pakistan.
The 2011 Pew Research Center study found the country is the third most intolerant in the world, but because of the influence they have, they are especially worrisome.
Their views were frequently nuanced and sometimes contradictory.
Some Comments published in Dawn :
Mohammed Alisays:
It is not recent. 45 years back, we had a chapter in our Urdu class about Mehmood Ghaznavi.This curriculam was nationwide. He was portrayed as a great hero for destroying the Somnath Mandir. Even at the age of 10, I thought that was a horrible act. We had a Hindu class fellow and the poor kid had to learn that chapter and memorize for the test.
Ayesha Mirzasays:
”Basic changes to the texts would be needed to present a history free of false or unsubstantiated claims which convey religious bias.”
History is never free of bias. It belongs to the one in power. The world history would have been totally different if the WW-II’s results were the opposite. Nonetheless, I am personally against bias of any kind, be it religious, racial or gender. And I, as an educationist, vehemently agree that the syllabus here needs a change. But change not in terms of the content they are taught, but change in the whole teaching strategy. We need to make our young minds more research oriented so they can acknowledge and tolerate other worldviews. When they know more about their roots and beliefs through their own research, they are less likely to feel threatened by opposite viewpoints. This creates a culture of tolerance. And what is more, it’s not the Pakistani textbooks alone that require revision. [Courtesy : Dawn & AP].
Hindu Existence Says : It is not only a fact in Pakistan. All the Madrasshas, Mosques, Muslim Clerics teach the hatred against Kaffirs (filthy non-Muslims) in India and everywhere. Actually Islam is not a Religion of Peace, but a Religion of Breaking Peace through hatred, murder, rape, loot, treason, division etc in the name of Religion. It is clear from the History of Islam in its 1432 years of Jihad against Kaffirs. Not only Pakistan schools teach Hindu hatred… Muslims teach hatred to their children as a religious obligation.
this needs very wide circulation specially among opinion makers.
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What Non-Muslims Can Do About Islam
What you can do …
NOT ONLY ARE are some people killing non-Muslims in the name of Islam (in impressive numbers) but some are doing something less newsworthy but potentially more disconcerting: Demanding and gaining concessions from non-Muslims, and slowly encroaching on democratic freedoms with the end-goal of establishing Sharia law in Western democracies (and already succeeding). This must be stopped and your help is needed.
But if you’re not a soldier and if you don’t work for a counterterrorist organization, what can you do? There are a surprising number of practical, effective actions you can take right where you are, and we will keep adding to the list below as we discover more. Each of the actions is linked to an article explaining more about it:
1. Urge your representative to co-sponsor the Open Fuel Standard Act. Here’s what to do. This is a vital, urgent task that could have enormous ramifications. I’ve made this number one because it is so important. Follow the link and find simple actions you can take to help move this bill into law.
2. Take the Pledge and Read the Koran. By reading the Koran, you’ll understand the situation more clearly and you’ll be able to speak with authority to others.
3. Join ACT! for America and participate. AFA is a large and fast-growing organization aimed at stopping the Islamization of America. In this fight, whoever is most organized will win. AFA is opening up in other countries too. Check it out.
4. Share DVDs with your friends.
5. Share online articles, but skillfully.
6. Use this very informative and economical leaflet to help educate your fellow non-Muslims about Islam.
7. Educate your family and friends about Islam on Facebook.
8. Educate and motivate the public using FaceBook.
9. Join groups on Facebook that raise awareness of Islam-related issues.
10. Create an official counterjihad page on Facebook. Here’s how to do it and why.
11. Support an open fuel standard. This can take away massive financing for Jihadis.
12. Talk to your friends about jihad. (It will help to study the art of influence.)
13. Share online videos. This page has an updated list of recommended videos. If you know of one not on the list, please add it.
14. Use Yahoo Answers to educate your fellow non-Muslims about Islam.
15. Sign a petition right now that urges our politicians to stop Muslim immigration.
16. Support the development of energy sources other than oil.
17. Participate in the Girl Effect.
18. Participate in the “Stop the Jihad on Campus” annual events.
19. Contribute news items to Concessions to Islam. Send them to: Concessions.
20. Contribute stories of citizen warrior heroes to Citizen Warriors. Send them to: Heroes.
21. Tell others about this list. Share the domain name, WhatYouCanDoAboutIslam.com.
22. Help and support the Mapping Sharia Project.
23. Try some glamourbombing.
24. Submit story ideas to reporters and news outlets.
25. Set your watch alarm for 10:03 AM.
26. Help support Citizen Warrior.
27. Support the Honor Killing Awareness Campaign.
28. “Advertise” the URL, haltterrorism.com.
29. Learn how to recognize suspicious activities and report them to authorities.
30. Help your fellow counterjihadists at Salon.com.
31. Flag a terrorist video on YouTube to help shut it down. Or participate in the YouTube Jihadi video Smackdown.
32. Promote the resources on this list by making comments on blogs, web sites, Facebook pages, Yahoo Answers, etc, and sharing the web address: WhatYouCanDoAboutIslam.com.
33. Share the sites, Reverse Jihad and An Inquiry Into Islam, with others.
Don’t try to do all of these. You’ve got to be smart about this, and that includes keeping your motivation level high, getting enough sleep, and having a life. Feeling overwhelmed by things that must be done is not good for your motivation and it can impair your ability to persist.
So choose one or two of these things that most interest you, and get to work on it. You can always come back to this list later if you want to do more.
Also, I urge you to share this list with people who want to do something but don’t know what. Let’s defeat Islam’s relentless encroachment with our effective actions.
When you find new things that are not on this list, would you please take a moment and share it with us in the comments? Or email them to us and we’ll post them for you (anonymously if you like).
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